
How to Close a Business in Puerto Rico with Hacienda and CRIM
Closing a business does not end when you take down the sign. This checklist helps you close in order with Hacienda, the Labor Department, your municipality, CRIM and the State Department.

Merchant registration, IVU sales tax, municipal license tax, corporate and partnership tax, payroll withholding, informative returns and certifications.

Closing a business does not end when you take down the sign. This checklist helps you close in order with Hacienda, the Labor Department, your municipality, CRIM and the State Department.

Corporations in Puerto Rico pay an 18.5% normal tax plus a surtax of up to 19%. Here are the rates, Form 480.2, due dates, estimated tax and when audited statements are required.
The main Puerto Rico taxes and registrations for a small or mid-size business, explained in English: merchant registration, the IVU sales tax, municipal license tax, corporate income tax and payroll.

Having employees in Puerto Rico means withholding tax for Hacienda, paying into unemployment and SINOT, and meeting federal Social Security rules. Here is the full map, with dates and forms.

Banks, agencies and municipalities often ask for proof that you are current with Hacienda and the CRIM. We explain which certifications exist, what they are for and how to get them.

If your business pays $500 or more in a year to a contractor, a landlord or another person, you probably need to file an informative return. We explain the forms, dates and penalties.

The general IVU is 11.5% (10.5% state and 1% municipal), and many business-to-business and professional services pay 4%. We explain what is taxable, what is exempt and how to collect it.

Before you sell goods or provide services in Puerto Rico, you need Hacienda's Merchant Registration Certificate. Here is who needs it, how to apply in SURI and what to do when something changes.

The monthly IVU return is due on the 20th of each month and, since July 2026, includes the municipal IVU of 73 municipalities. Here is how to file, pay and avoid surcharges.

The patente municipal is the tax each municipality charges on a business's volume of business. We explain who pays it, the legal caps, the deadlines and the 5% discount.

A Puerto Rico LLC can be taxed as a corporation, a pass-through entity or a disregarded entity. We explain the options, Form 480.2(EC), the reports to owners and the deadlines.
State and municipal IVU on a sale or service.
What a late payment adds: interest, surcharges and penalties.